Which organ system maintains electrolyte balance?

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Electrolyte balance is regulated by how well body fluids maintain the right concentrations of minerals like sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and phosphate. The urinary system—the kidneys—does this directly. Through the nephrons, the kidneys filter blood, reabsorb electrolytes that the body needs, and excrete those that are in excess, producing urine that reflects the body's current electrolyte status. Hormones such as aldosterone adjust how much sodium is reabsorbed and how much potassium is excreted, providing precise control, while antidiuretic hormone influences water reabsorption and thus the concentration of electrolytes indirectly. The digestive system supplies electrolytes from food, and the endocrine and respiratory systems influence regulation, but the urinary system is the primary mechanism for maintaining stable electrolyte levels in the body.